ABSTRACT

The tribes in India are mainly characterized by their geographical location and distinct culture. Tribals are always interested in retaining the features of their society. Tribal movements or uprisings in India have been inspired by revolutionary tendencies. They want to take advantage of the situation to fight and eliminate the evils and bad trends that exist in the contemporary tribal society. The tribal movements are not only agricultural but also forestry. Some of the uprisings were nationalist. The main problems of the tribal communities are poverty and exploitation, economic and technological backwardness, socio- cultural disabilities, problems of assimilation with the non- tribal communities, identity crisis, illiteracy etc. Tribal movements made demands for formation of separate states, greater autonomy and development of a script and for independent identities. Such movements are related to cultural and political revivalism. The constitution of India provided special provisions for the tribal peoples to safeguard their interests. After independence, many efforts were made to improve the socio economic conditions of the tribal people and main their constitutional protection. But the results are not encouraging because in any case with the implementation of growth of plans, some societies have found themselves disintegrated. This paper embodies the historical background, causes and classifications of the tribal uprising in India.

Key words:Exploitation, Identity, Movement, Constitutional Safeguard.